Design For Pedestrian Transportation System At Gandhi Chawk,

Design for pedestrian transportation system at Gandhi Chawk, Junagadh Group ID:- 60782 A Project Report Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering [Civil Engineering] Submitted To GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY (GUJARAT) Submitted by KARMUR HIREN B. 140833106005 BHUVA GOPAL M. 140833106015 RAM RAMESH K. 140833106020 Under the supervision of Prof. M. J. GUNDALIA Department of Civil Engineering Dr. Subhash Technical campus, Junagadh CHAPTER NO.1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction: India is second biggest populated nation of the world. So Indian face extensive activity issues. Also, the most movement issues make at crossing point.†¦show more content†¦1.2 Aim: Aim of the our project is to provide better facility to pedestrian in existing structure and make traffic free roads with speeds transportation by provide pedestrian over bridge. 1.3 Objective: †¢ To study about exiting pedestrian flow characteristics based on hourly volume variation and saturation flow. †¢ Provide pedestrian facility in existing structure. †¢ Avoid accidents. †¢ Make transportation Speedy. †¢ Provide signals and divert traffic with planning. †¢ Provide traffic distribution system which help to minimize problems specially for people to crossing the road. 1.4 Need of the pedestrian transportation system Walking is a basic human activity and an integral part of day to day life yet it needs To have safe and comfortable pedestrian circulation it is necessary to go for development of pedestrian facilities like, †¢ Provide foot over bridge and footpaths to increase passenger capacity and safety. †¢ Safe facilities for walking and crossing the road should be provided that will be used maximum by all people. †¢ Pedestrian spaces should be designed in consideration of human convenience and have to be qualitatively suitable to the needs of human beings. ï  ¶ Steel used in bridge Steel used for bridges may be grouped into the following three categories: ï  ² Carbon Steel: This is the cheapest steel available for structural users where stiffness is more important than the strength. Indian steels have yield stress values up to 250 N/mm2 and

Production Operation Management - 1195 Words

Production Operations Management Session 3-2 More on Processes 1 Outline ï‚ § Multi-product, multi-flow process analysis – So far: 1 product, 1 flow – Differing process times, yield issues, machine breakdown ï‚ § Big Takeaway: – Product-mix becomes critical in multiple flows – Implications in capital investment, scaling business, and risk management ï‚ § Calculating capacity when you have – Multiple flows †¢ With the same processing time at each resource †¢ With different processing times at a single resource – Yield issues – Machine Breakdown 2 Measure: Implied Utilization ï‚ § Implied Utilization captures the mismatch between the capacity requested from a resource by demand and the capacity currently available at†¦show more content†¦Processing time: 10 min / unit 10 mins 10 mins 10 mins 10 mins 10 mins ï‚ § Flow Time (FT) = processing time= 10 mins for all units ï‚ § Workstation capacity = Flow Rate = (1/10) units/min*60 mins/hr = 6 units/hr 10 Ex. 2: Capacity with two processing times ï‚ § Workstation makes two products – Product 1 processing time 10 min / unit – Product 2 processing time 12 min / unit 10 mins 10 mins 10 mins 12 mins ï‚ § Product mix is 3:1, i.e. (3/4)th of the output is Product 1 and (1/4)th of the output is Product 2 ï‚ § What is the capacity of the workstation? 11 Ex. 2: Capacity with two processing times ï‚ § PT1=10 mins/unit ï‚ § PT2=12 mins/unit ï‚ § Think of a â€Å"typical† unit: – Weighted average of FT1 and FT2 = (3/4)*10+(1/4)12=10.5 mins/unit – NOTE THIS RELIES ON DEMAND MIX ï‚ § Capacity of Resource = (1/10.5)*60min/hr = 5.71 units/hr Same as capacity of process because only one resource 12 Ex. 2 (Alternate way) ï‚ § An alternate method is to consider time to make a cycle, i.e. 3 units of product 1 and one unit of product 2 – Total Processing Time for a cycle = 3*10 + 1*12 = 42 mins (seeShow MoreRelatedProduction Of Production And Operation Management1415 Words   |  6 PagesPRODUCTION OPERATION MANAGEMENT The focus of any business is to provide needs of customer by providing military and supplies, and in this procedure generate value for customers and solve their trouble. 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Review of Literature Related to Construction Equipment Management Essay Example For Students

Review of Literature Related to Construction Equipment Management Essay Chapter I Introduction Introduction Today’s building contract involves undertakings demanding the equipment resources. With betterments in engineering and rapid addition in the labour rates, there is an increasing tendency of mechanisation. In the present twenty-four hours scenario building equipment became an built-in portion of clip and cost efficient building. The physical demands to execute building work have non changed really much. The work to be done alterations based on the type of undertaking, but the activities that have to be performed are similar for different undertakings. It could be constructing, main road, dike or power works the sum and type of machines required may change, but the demand for building equipment will ever be. Construction equipment enables assorted building companies and organisations to finish their targeted undertaking in an easy manner. Management of building equipment is portion of overall direction methods and policies to be adopted different companies / contractors for their building contracts and therefore is bound to change from contractor to contractor. Inefficient direction of equipment can ensue in low production, idle equipment, lower use of equipment etc. ; either of which can impact project continuance and cost. Therefore, it is of import for contractors, building directors, undertaking directors, and any individual straight for equipment direction to be familiar with all the facets of equipment direction, which finally leads to effectual and economical use of appropriate equipment for a given occupation. Not merely is it of import for equipment directors to be familiar with this topic, it besides of import for undertaking proprietors, contractor and other equipment responsible individual. Aim The aim of this thesis is to analyze the assorted Equipment direction patterns followed by big building companies and different contractors in India and to place the best pattern for Equipment direction in India. In add-on with the above mentioned objective the survey will specifically take at following facets: Identifying the best patterns of equipment direction for the Indian scenario. To analyze the different responses collected sing the equipment direction from different contractors. 1.3 Scope of Study The range of survey extends to general information of the contractor, be aftering policy of the contractor, equipment acquisition and funding, operation and care of the equipment and besides record maintaining. The range of the survey is non merely restricted to exceed class contractors but besides extended to contractors in all degrees. The grounds behind this are Construction equipment in big sum or little sums are being involved in all types of building undertakings due to increase in labour rewards and switch towards mechanisation. Equipment direction has enormous advantage to all classs of contractors for carry throughing any building undertaking within clip, cost and quality restraint. 1.4 Methodology: The methodological analysis used in this survey is study method wherein the needed information was collected from assorted contractors runing in India. A structured questionnaire was prepared to roll up the necessary information. The structured questionnaire was prepared mentioning assorted books, diaries and magazines on similar subject. The questionnaire contains inquiries seeking general information related to the contractors be aftering for equipment, choice and procurance. Questions seeking information related to operation, care and record maintaining. Questions seeking information related replacing determinations and assorted inquiries on safety policy, choice and preparation of operators and inducement strategies for operating and care forces. The questionnaire was forwarded to different selected contractors runing throughout India, The questionnaire in the signifier of Google papers whose nexus has been sent to employees of different houses. Once the responses are received, the information shared will be analyzed sing all the facets of house and its equipment direction pattern used and a theoretical account is prepared urging the best pattern to be carried out which can act upon to houses net income and growing. Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1Introduction Equipment direction is a firing ice subject in the building industry. There have been many researches in this field, draw a bead oning from these researches our squad has besides decided to work in the same field. Many research have been made in the field sing but there is no specific one sing the equipment direction patterns followed by contractors in India. Effort has been made by our squad to make so, based on the researches so far, a background has been prepared. This reappraisal is collected from diaries submitted by different writers on equipment direction patterns. They used different methodological analysiss for work outing the job related to the equipment direction. These methodological analysiss are like Mathematical equations, algorithm, additive scheduling, questionnaire, anticipation, stimulation theoretical account, etc. and decision with regard to the methodological analysis is given in this literature. Following are the different diaries and included methodological analysiss for Equipment direction patterns. 1. Journal of building technology and direction 2. Construction research Congress. 3. Management technology diary. 4. Construction technology direction diary. 5. IOSR diary of mechanical and civil technology. 6. International diary of concern and direction. 7. Canada Journal of civil technology. Literature reappraisal: Let’s have a bird’s oculus position of few of the research documents by different writers across the Earth. A survey was conducted by Amir Tavakoli, Member, ASCE, Emmanuel D. Taye, and Mehmet Erktin research the current building equipment policy of the prima houses in the industry. The survey was made through a questionnaire which was sent to the Engineering News Record top400 contractors. The survey is intended to supply contractors and other interested parties, public, private, and academic, with the present position of the equipment policy of the top400 contractors. The consequences of the questionnaire study provide overall information about building equipment policy in the top 400 building companies in the United States. Genetics In Life EssayHamed Nabizadeh Rafsanjani concludes from his survey that Optimum planning for heavy building equipment is a critical undertaking in wining the building undertakings. In a building program one should significantly concentrate on the type, figure and agenda of presence of the equipment at the undertaking site. In this paper, we have studied the hourly production of a theoretical account of dozer, a wheel-type stevedore, a sycophant type stevedore, a grader, a crawler-type excavator, a sheep’s pes roller and a smooth wheel roller ; at the site of several Earth fill dams around Iran. Each theoretical account was separately considered and the site conditions were taken into history. The nominal hourly production of the equipment was derived harmonizing to the informations obtained from Caterpillar, Komatsu, and Volvo makers. The existent production was calculated harmonizing to the statistical informations from assorted earth-fill dikes in Iran. The derived consequences showed that the existent production of a sheep’s pes roller had the least difference with its nominal production ; whilst the stevedore had the most difference in existent and nominal production ( i.e. it had the lowest on the job efficiency ) . The writers David Arditi et.al stated in his journal Inventions in building equipment are bound to bring forth important benefits for building companies that purchase and usage advanced theoretical accounts. Improvements in site productiveness and safety, in the quality of working conditions, and in the company s cost-efficiency and fight can be partially explained by these incremental inventions. The findings of the survey presented here suggest that the rate of invention in the building equipment industry increased during the last 30 old ages. This increased rate of invention can be linked to force per unit areas generated by purchasers behavior and to technological developments in the equipment industry every bit good as in other industries. The findings besides indicate that the rate of invention has been unvarying and incremental over these 30 old ages. Even though inventions in the building equipment industry are incremental in nature, their cumulative benefits can be tremendo us because incremental inventions result in uninterrupted betterments in merchandise characteristics. These incremental inventions are chiefly driven by market forces. Author Stergios K. Vranakis in his conceptual theoretical account for machinery and equipment investing determinations stated despite the fact that during the last two decennaries at that place have been many attempts internationally ; it is still true that rather adequate issues refering steadfast public presentation and M A ; E investing determinations remain unexamined and there is deficiency of theoretical and practical support. The expected end of this research is to bridge the spread between bing literature and the direction patterns used by fabricating houses by measuring their demands for successful direction of Machinery A ; Equipment Investment determinations Part of the value of this model lies in the operationalization of factors and the scrutiny of the possible relationships between them, which have non received the appropriate attending in literature, where there is no complete theoretical account yet depicting and analysing the relationships between all these factors . The proposed model is considered to be an original and complete theoretical account that intends to lend to literature by researching the linkages among: JIT, TQM, NPD, R A ; D, CRM, BSR, SCM, Innovation, New Product Pricing, Product Lifecycle Decisions, and Environmental Management, Manufacturing flexibleness, Management Decisions, and Capital Subsidies with Machinery A ; Equipment Investments and Firm Performance. Writers Bugra Aslan and Dae-Hyun ( Dan ) KOO explained in their paper the usage of telematics engineering in roadway care operations. The writers suggest a information aggregation system layout to deploy telematics to roll up bing equipment productiveness informations with geospatial turn uping informations in existent clip. Pilot informations aggregation and analysis showed that telematics application in productiveness analysis can efficaciously supply contemplation of field operation and better current productiveness informations aggregation pattern. The gathered informations can be summarized and make a baseline reflecting current productiveness and work forms. This baseline can be used to better the undermentioned season’s productiveness and to optimise managerial programs such as equipment purchase program, equipment deployment scope finding, and work process operation program. Comparative analysis between field informations and a baseline can set up a productiveness bett erment prosodies. This prosody is expected to supply a guideline to the directors so that they can seek plausible solutions to increase productiveness. These solutions include ; effectual equipment operations, betterments in flexibleness and resilience of operation programs, cost decreases in overall roadway care operations and recommendations for future betterment actions. 2.3 Decision After mentioning to the above mentioned documents published in different diaries, we have come to the decision that optimal planning of building equipment and their direction will hold important benefits for building companies and contractors. Construction equipment direction has been drastically simplified because of broad application of equipment informations collected during their operation. Equipment policies sometimes vary between big and average houses and heavy and non-heavy houses. Floating of questionnaire is the best method to roll up informations sing different equipment direction patterns followed by different contractors. Collection of informations sing building equipment direction patterns through questionnaire from different contractors will assist to propose an equipment direction pattern for upcoming contractors.